案情概要：2018 年(nian)(nian) 5 月(yue)(yue)，某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)食(shi)店(dian)經(jing)工商部門登(deng)記設立，經(jing)營(ying)?者(zhe)邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)，經(jing)營(ying)范圍(wei)為(wei)食(shi)品銷售，經(jing)營(ying)方式主要(yao)為(wei)外(wai)賣營(ying)銷。2019 年(nian)(nian) 1?月(yue)(yue)，丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)至(zhi)該(gai)熟(shu)食(shi)店(dian)做全職送餐(can)員，工作時間(jian)一般為(wei)晚上(shang) 8 時至(zhi)次日?凌晨?4 時，工作期間(jian)無需參(can)加考勤(qin)，工資報(bao)酬按訂(ding)單(dan)(dan)數(shu)量計算(suan)，每單(dan)(dan)?5 元，邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)每月(yue)(yue)記錄送餐(can)數(shu)量并按訂(ding)單(dan)(dan)數(shu)量向丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)發放(fang)報(bao)酬。2019 年(nian)(nian)?5?月(yue)(yue)，邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)網絡(luo)科(ke)技公司簽訂(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)代理協議(yi)，作為(wei)本(ben)地某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)?App?代理商，開展(zhan)各項合作。2019 年(nian)(nian) 5 月(yue)(yue) 11 日，經(jing)邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安排(pai)，丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)?在(zai)(zai)“某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)”App?上(shang)申請注冊為(wei)跑腿(tui)員。代理“某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)”平臺后，邱?某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)通(tong)常(chang)在(zai)(zai)“某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)”App?軟件中(zhong)接(jie)收訂(ding)餐(can)信息，將(jiang)訂(ding)餐(can)信息發布(bu)到(dao)跑?腿(tui)員系(xi)統，跑腿(tui)員接(jie)收訂(ding)餐(can)信息后提供送餐(can)服(fu)務。2020 年(nian)(nian) 6 月(yue)(yue)，丁(ding)(ding)?某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)駕駛摩(mo)托車在(zai)(zai)送某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)食(shi)店(dian)訂(ding)單(dan)(dan)途(tu)中(zhong)發生交通(tong)事故，致本(ben)人及案(an)外(wai)人?受傷，案(an)外(wai)人經(jing)搶救無效死亡。丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)申請仲裁并提起訴訟，要(yao)求確(que)認(ren)?其(qi)與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)食(shi)店(dian)存在(zai)(zai)勞動關系(xi)。

爭議焦點：應某跑(pao)腿代理商即(ji)熟(shu)食店(dian)之店(dian)主要求，申請注冊(ce)為跑(pao)?腿員的丁某和(he)熟(shu)食店(dian)之間是否存在勞動關(guan)系(xi)？

裁判要旨：法院審(shen)理(li)認為，勞動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)通過(guo)合意由(you)勞動(dong)(dong)者(zhe)?一(yi)方提(ti)(ti)供勞動(dong)(dong)、用人(ren)單位一(yi)方給付報酬(chou)所形成的具有經(jing)(jing)濟和人(ren)身(shen)從屬(shu)?性的權利義務關(guan)系(xi)。判(pan)斷雙方是(shi)(shi)(shi)否存(cun)在(zai)(zai)勞動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)主要(yao)從人(ren)身(shen)從屬(shu)性和經(jing)(jing)濟從屬(shu)性判(pan)斷。本(ben)案(an)丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)在(zai)(zai)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)平(ping)(ping)臺合作前(qian)即到(dao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)?食(shi)店(dian)做全職外賣(mai)員，工(gong)作時(shi)間由(you)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)者(zhe)安排(pai)，時(shi)間相對比較?固(gu)定，邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)按(an)照丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)的工(gong)作量，即送(song)餐(can)數量按(an)月向(xiang)丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)支付報酬(chou)，在(zai)(zai)?某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)送(song)餐(can)期(qi)間，應(ying)(ying)當(dang)遵(zun)守某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)的規章(zhang)制(zhi)度(du)，某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)的經(jing)(jing)營(ying)?方式為外賣(mai)營(ying)銷，丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)的工(gong)作內容也系(xi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)的業(ye)務組成部分，應(ying)(ying)?當(dang)認定其(qi)與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)建立(li)勞動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)。某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)在(zai)(zai)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)過(guo)程中，因(yin)業(ye)務?需要(yao)與(yu)互聯網某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)跑腿(tui)簽訂代理(li)協議后，丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)應(ying)(ying)邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)要(yao)求注冊為跑腿(tui)?員，依然按(an)照邱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)指示提(ti)(ti)供送(song)餐(can)服務，注冊為平(ping)(ping)臺騎手僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)?的經(jing)(jing)營(ying)需要(yao)，而非丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)為其(qi)他商家提(ti)(ti)供送(song)餐(can)服務為目(mu)的，應(ying)(ying)判(pan)決丁(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)?與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)店(dian)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)勞動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)。

總結：外(wai)(wai)(wai)賣配(pei)送(song)員作為互聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的終端從業(ye)(ye)人員，有別于傳統?勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，其(qi)與外(wai)(wai)(wai)賣平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)或其(qi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)包公(gong)司之間是否(fou)為勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，應當按?照(zhao)雙方之間是否(fou)有建立勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)的合意、勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)是否(fou)服從單位管理等?標準(zhun)進行(xing)綜(zong)(zong)合判定。在涉及互聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)企業(ye)(ye)有關(guan)(guan)(guan)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)確(que)認(ren)問題 中，應注意把握保(bao)護勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)權益與促進勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力市場靈活性的平(ping)(ping)衡關(guan)(guan)(guan) 系(xi)(xi)，綜(zong)(zong)合考量用人單位網絡平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的運營(ying)形式、勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)從業(ye)(ye)狀況、外(wai)(wai)(wai)包?公(gong)司對(dui)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的管理程度(du)、勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)收入分(fen)配(pei)方式及勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)是否(fou)獨立承?擔經營(ying)風(feng)險等因素，依法認(ren)定是否(fou)為勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)。(作者(zhe)：廣州律協(xie)電子商務與物流業(ye)(ye)務專業(ye)(ye)委(wei)員會）